As a user country, Switzerland mainly uses genetic resources through private-sector businesses and scientific research institutions, be it in the pharmaceutical - including biotechnology -, food, cosmetic, and flavor industries, as well as agriculture. All these sectors are interested in a good access to genetic resources. In parallel to measures to be taken in the provider countries, the present study has as object to identify what measures could possibly be taken in a user country such as Switzerland, i.e. what legal, administrative and policy measures could be designed to promote compliance by users of genetic resources and traditional knowledge with measures regarding PIC, MAT, and Benefit Sharing, within the existing international legal system or in the framework of a new international regime (with or without a certification system), the negotiation of which is to be finalized by the Working group on Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) until the Conference of the Parties in 2010.